Ngā Pūrongo Ahumahi

Ko ngā kawenga mahi e peia ana e te AI, mai i ngā tauira whakaputa ki ngā tātaritanga wā-tūturu, kei te akiaki i ngā tono hiko o ngā pokapū raraunga ki ngā taumata kāore i kitea i mua. Ka taea e te whakangungu AI nui kotahi te whakamahi i te neke atu i te 10 miriona kWh ia tau—he rite ki te whakakaha i te 1,000 kāinga mō te tekau tau. I taua wā, e matapaetia ana ka piki rua te whakamahinga hiko o ngā pokapū raraunga o te ao i te tau 2030, me te AI e whai wāhi ana ki te 30% o tēnei tipu. Ko ngā taputapu whakawhiti hiko tuku iho, e pāngia ana e te koretake me te kore pumau, e uaua ana ki te whakatutuki i ēnei wero.

I te ao whānui, kei te tere haere ngā whakaritenga mō te whai huatanga o te pūngao o ngā whakawhiti hiko reo-rahi me te ngaohiko teitei, ā, ko te kore o ngā paerewa whai huatanga o te pūngao i te taha whakaputa hiko hou kua noho hei take nui mō ngā tau tata nei. I te marama o Āperira 2024, i tukuna e Haina te putanga hou o Ngā Uara Whakaaetia mō te Whai Huatanga o te Pūngao me ngā Tohu Whai Huatanga o te Pūngao mō ngā Whakawhiti Hiko (GB20052-2024), i whakatinanahia mana i te marama o Pēpuere 2025. Mō te wā tuatahi, ka whakauruhia e tēnei paerewa ngā whakawhiti hiko 6kV-66kV mō te whakaputa hiko hou (photovoltaic, mana hau, rokiroki pūngao) ki roto i ngā ture whai huatanga o te pūngao, e kapi ana i ngā āhuatanga ngaohiko matua mō te hononga whatunga pūngao hou (hei tauira, ko ngā whakawhiti hiko 35kV kua rumakina ki te hinu/momo maroke neke atu i te 95% o ngā tono i roto i te rāngai pūngao hou).

Ko te pikinga o ngā utu pūngao me ngā ture waro pakari kei te akiaki i ngā ahumahi ki te whakaaro anō i ā rātou pūnaha hiko. Kāore e whai hua ana ngā whakawhiti hiko tuku iho, e pāngia ana e ngā mate nui. Ka puta mai ngā Whakawhiti Hiko-Tiaki-Pūngao Tino Pai a JZP hei otinga whakarerekētanga, e whakakotahi ana i te hangarau matatau me ngā penapena ka taea te ine. Anei me pēhea te whakatutuki i te whakaiti i ngā utu pūngao tae atu ki te 30% me te whakarite i ngā mahi ā muri ake nei.

Nā te nekehanga ā-ao ki te whakakore waro me te haumarutanga pūngao kua akiakihia te tono mō ngā pūnaha hiko pakari, atamai, me te pumau. Kei te ngākau o tēnei panonitanga ko ngā whakawhiti hiko waenga/teitei (MHV), e mahi ana hei pou tuara o ngā whatunga hiko hou, e hono ana i ngā puna pūngao whakahou, te tono ahumahi, me ngā hanganga atamai. Hei kaiārahi i roto i ngā otinga pūnaha hiko, kei te whakaaroaro anō a JZP i ngā whakawhiti hiko MHV hei aro atu ki ngā wero e rua o te whakawhiti pūngao me te whakahoutanga whatunga hiko, me te whakanoho i a ia anō hei paionia i roto i ngā hanganga o te reanga e whai ake nei.

He āwangawanga nui te whakarerekētanga o ngā takai i roto i ngā whakawhiti hiko ngaohiko teitei, he maha ngā wā ka puta mai i te ahotea miihini, te huringa wera, te pānga poto rānei. Hei kaiārahi i roto i te hanga whakawhiti hiko, ka piri a JZP ki te Paerewa DL/T 1093-2018 mō te Tikanga Tauhohenga i roto i te Kitenga i ngā Hurihanga o ngā Takai, ā, ka whakauruhia ngā hangarau matatau hei whakarite kia tutukihia te whakaritenga me te pono. E whakamārama ana tēnei tuhinga i ngā whakaritenga hangarau a JZP mō te kite i ngā whakarerekētanga o ngā takai, e kapi ana i ngā tikanga, ngā whakaritenga taputapu, me ngā tukanga whakahaere.

I te wā o ngā pokapū raraunga e whakahaerehia ana e te AI me te rorohiko kapua, kua puta ake ngā whakawhiti hiko momo-maroke kiato-teitei hei wāhanga hanganga nui. Me whakataurite e ēnei whakawhiti hiko te whai huatanga o te pūngao, te whakahaere wera, me te pono kia tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga nui o ngā pokapū raraunga hou. Ka whakatauritehia e tēnei tuhinga ngā paerewa whai huatanga o te pūngao o te ao me ngā hangarau whakamatao, me te arotahi ki ngā otinga auaha a JZP mō te arotau i te mahi i roto i ngā taiao kiato-teitei.

He taputapu hiko motuhake te Whakawhiti Whakarerekētanga Hanga Hauwai e tino hira ana ki te whakaputa hauwai hikohiko, hei pou tuara mō ngā pūnaha whakawhiti hiko e huri ana i te au hiko rerekē (AC) mai i te whatunga hiko, i ngā pūtake pūngao hou rānei ki te au hiko tika (DC) pumau, whakahaeretia e hiahiatia ana mō te hikohiko wai. Ko tana mahi matua he hono i te āputa i waenga i te mana AC ngaohiko teitei me ngā hiahia DC ngaohiko iti, teitei o ngā hikohiko hauwai (hei tauira, ngā hikohiko membrane whakawhiti proton (PEM) rānei), kia pai ai te tuku hiko, kia pono, kia kounga teitei hoki mō te wehewehe i te wai ki te hauwai me te hāora.

Ko te Mana Pūngao Rā Kukū (CSP) he huarahi whakarerekētanga ki te whakamahi i te pūngao rā, he rerekē ki ngā pūnaha photovoltaic (PV) tuku iho. Kāore i rite ki te PV, e huri tika ana i te rā ki te hiko mā te whakamahi i ngā rauemi semiconductor, ka whakamahia e te CSP ngā whakaata, ngā karāhe rānei hei arotahi i te rā ki te kaiwhiwhi, ka whakaputa i te wera e akiaki ana i te huringa thermodynamic hei whakaputa hiko. Mā tēnei āheinga rokiroki pūngao wera (TES) ka taea e ngā tipu CSP te whakaputa hiko ka taea te tuku ahakoa i te pō, i ngā āhuatanga kapua rānei, e aro ana ki tētahi herenga nui o ngā pūnaha PV.

I roto i te ao hihiri o te whakaputa hiko hou, ko ngā Whakawhiti Whakahihiri a JZP Energy te wāhanga matua, e whakarite ana i te mahi maeneene o ngā mīhini tukutahi me te whakapakari i te pumau o te whatunga. Mā te whakahaere atamai i ngā ia whakaoho me te pupuri i te pono o te ngaohiko, ka honoa e ēnei whakawhiti te āputa i waenga i te whakaputa hiko mata me te tohatoha hiko kua whakapaia. Kei raro nei, ka tūhuratia e mātou tā rātou mahi whakarerekē, ngā auahatanga hangarau, me ngā tono e akiaki ana i te heke mai o ngā pūnaha hiko.

Ko te pūnaha "Rima Ārai" i roto i ngā teihana hiko he tikanga haumaru nui i hangaia hei ārai i ngā hapa whakahaere, hei whakarite hoki i te haumaru me te pono o te mahi a ngā taputapu hiko ngaohiko teitei. I te mea ka uaua haere ngā whatunga hiko, he mea nui te mahi a ēnei pūnaha ki te whakaiti i ngā mōrearea pēnei i ngā aituā hiko, te kino o ngā taputapu, me te motuhanga hiko. Ka tūhuratia e tēnei tuhinga te whakamāramatanga, ngā wāhanga, ngā mātāpono mahi, me ngā tono mahi a ngā Rima Ārai i roto i ngā teihana hiko hou.