Ngā Pūrongo Ahumahi

Kua mutu taua wā. I ēnei rā, kei te ako ngā kaiwhakawhiti hiko ki te kōrero. Mā te whakamahi i ngā pūoko, te hono atu ki te kapua, me te whakakahangia e te matauranga horihori, ka taea e te whakatupuranga hou o ngā kaiwhakawhiti hiko atamai te ripoata i tō rātou hauora, te matapae i ngā hapa, me te arotau i te mahi whatunga hiko i te wā tūturu. Mō ngā kaiwhakahaere whatunga hiko me ngā tohunga hokohoko, kei te noho hei mea nui te mārama ki ēnei rawa atamai.

Kua tae te akiaki ā-ao mō te tango waro ki ngā kokonga katoa o te umanga hiko—tae atu ki te whakawhiti hiko iti nei. Mō ngā tekau tau, i noho pūmau tonu te hangarau whakawhiti hiko: te hinu kohuke mō te whakamahana, te maitai angiangi mō ngā matua, me ngā taumata whai huatanga i piki haere noa iho.

Kia oti i a koe te whakatau i ngā whakaritenga hangarau mō tō whakawhiti hiko, ko te wero e whai ake nei ko te whakatau arumoni tika. Me pēhea te whakataurite i ngā utu puta noa i ngā kaiwhakarato rerekē? He aha ngā tiwhikete me rapu e koe ina kawemai ana? Me pēhea te aromatawai mēnā ka taea e te kaihanga te tuku i te wā tika me te whakatutuki i ngā tumanakohanga kounga?

E kiia ana te whakawhiti hiko ko te hoiho mahi o te whatunga hiko. Kāore he wāhanga neke, he iti noa te tiaki e hiahiatia ana, ā, ka taea te mahi pono mō ngā tekau tau. Engari kei muri i tēnei māmā noa iho kei reira tētahi tukanga hanga kua tino whanake haere i roto i te rautau kua hipa.

Koinei te tauhohenga tuatahi a te tini tāngata ina rongo rātou i te "hangarau whakawhiti hiko." Nā te mea, i kitea te aukume hikohiko i te tau 1831. I whakatūria te āhua taketake o te whakawhiti hiko hou i te tau 1885. He aha te kōrero hou ka taea e tētahi taputapu 140-tau te pakeke te kōrero?

I roto i ngā teihana hiko, i runga rānei i ngā pou hiko, kotahi te mahi nui i mahia e ia—te huri i ngā taumata ngaohiko kia taea ai te tuku hiko tawhiti—me te kore e tino kitea, e mōhiotia rānei. Koia te tino mahi: he pono, he matapae, ā, e kore e kitea.

I roto i te ao o te tuku hiko ngaohiko teitei, he mea nui te mahi a ngā whakawhiti hiko 220kV ki te whakarite i te tohatoha hiko whai hua. āputa whakamahana matuaKo te hononga i waenganui i ngā takai o te whakawhiti hiko tētahi o ngā wāhanga hoahoa tino nui, e pā tika ana ki te pono o te whakawhiti hiko, te roa o te ora, me te mahi. Hei kaiārahi mākete i roto i te hangarau whakawhiti hiko, e mōhio ana mātou he mea nui te hoahoa whakamarumaru pai hei tū atu ki ngā taumahatanga hiko tino nui, tae atu ki ngā ngaohiko mahi tonu, ngā akiaki uira, me ngā ngaru whakawhiti.

He wāhanga nui ngā whakawhiti hiko auau-waenga (MFT) i roto i ngā hikohiko mana hou, e āhei ai te whakawhiti hiko kiato, tino whai hua puta noa i ngā tono pēnei i te whakaurunga hiko whakahou, te whakamahana ahumahi, me ngā pūnaha kukume. Mō ngā āhuatanga mana-teitei e hiahia ana ki te kaha 96kVA, he mea nui te arotau i ēnei whakawhiti hiko puta noa i te whai huatanga, te whakahaere wera, me te hototahi hikohiko (EMC) kia tutuki ai ngā tono mahi me te pono. Ka tūhuratia e tēnei tuhinga tētahi huarahi arotau maha-ahu mō ngā MFT ngaohiko-teitei 96kVA, me te whakakotahi i te auahatanga rauemi, te whakaata matatau, me ngā whakatikatika hoahoa hanganga.

I roto i ngā pūnaha hiko ngaohiko teitei, ko te tikanga whakapūmau ira koretake o te whakawhiti hiko he mea nui e pā ana ki te haumaru, te pono, me te pumau o te pūnaha. Mō ngā pūnaha hiko 110kV, ko te whiriwhiri i te tikanga whakapūmau ira koretake ka pā tika ki ngā taumata whakamahana taputapu, te tiaki ngaohiko nui, te whirihoranga tiaki whakawhiti, me te pono o te tuku hiko. I Haina, ko ngā pūnaha 110kV te tikanga e whakamahi ana i te tikanga whakatō whenua whai hua ā-wāhanga, kei reira ētahi pūwāhi kore-whakawhiti hiko e tūhono tika ana ki te whenua, ko ētahi kāore anō kia tūhono, ko te whāinga he whakawhāiti i ngā iahiko poto-wāhanga-kotahi me te ārai i ngā tūmomo ngaohiko nui rawa atu.

Ko te rāngai whakawhiti hiko waenga me te teitei, he mara tuku iho, kei te pāngia e te aro me te panonitanga onge e te whakawhiti pūngao o te ao me te puāwaitanga rorohiko AI. Kei te ripanga i raro nei he tirohanga poto o ngā au matua me ngā āhuatanga ā-rohe hei hoatu i tētahi tirohanga whānui ki a koe.