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Ngā Teihana Iti Whakawhanuitia mō te Whakamahinga Ahumahi
Ngā Āhuatanga Matua me ngā Painga
Hoahoa Whai Hua mō te Wāhi
Ka whakaitihia te rahi ā-tinana e te hoahoanga modular tae atu ki te 60% ki te whakatauritea ki ngā teihana hiko tuku iho, ā, ka taea te tāuta i roto i ngā wāhi iti pēnei i ngā ara tāone, ngā whare ahumahi, ngā hapori tūmatanui rānei. Ka whakaitihia e ngā waeine kua oti te huihui te wā hanga i te papaanga.
'Te Mahi Teitei me te Pono
He rite tonu ēnei teihana hiko ki ngā whakawhiti hiko kua rumakina ki te hinu, ki ngā whakawhiti hiko momo maroke rānei, ki ngā kaiwawao hiko korehau, me ngā taputapu whakawhiti hiko hau-hau (GIS) SF6, ā, ka whakarite kia whai hua te whakahaere hiko (11kV ki te 33kV) me te tiaki i ngā hapa. Mā ngā pūnaha whakamarumaru me te whakamatao pakari ka pakari ake te mau i roto i ngā āhuarangi kino.
'Aunoatanga Atamai me te Aroturuki
Mā ngā pūnaha whiriwhiri e whakahohea ana e te IoT ka whakaratohia he raraunga wā-tūturu mō te ngaohiko, te iahiko, te pāmahana, me te kimi hapa. Ka honoa ngā āheinga mana mamao mā te SCADA ki ngā whatunga whatunga atamai, ka taea ai te tiaki matapae me te whakaiti i te wā kore mahi.
'Te Whakatakotoranga Tere me te Whakawhanuitanga
Ka taea te tāuta i ngā waeine kua huihuia, kua whakamatautauria hoki i roto i ngā rā, kia tere ake ai te whakarite i ngā wā o te kaupapa. Mā ngā hoahoa tauine ka taea te whakapai ake i te kaha (tae atu ki te 50 MVA) me te kore e whakakapi i te pūnaha katoa, e tautoko ana i te tipu pūngao mō te wā roa.
'He pai mō te taiao, ā, he iti te utu
Ko te mahi iti te haruru (
Ngā tono
Hanganga Tāone: Ngā teihana hiko mō ngā tāone nui, ngā pokapū arumoni, me ngā tāone atamai.
Ngā Rohe Ahumahi: He pūngao hiko pumau mō ngā whare hanga, ngā maina me ngā pokapū raraunga.
'Ngā Rohe Tūmatanui: Te whakatinanatanga tere ki ngā rohe kāore i te whatunga hiko, ki ngā rohe rānei e pāngia ana e te āwangawanga.
Pūngao Whakahou: Te whakaurunga ki ngā pāmu pūngao rā/hau mō te hononga whatunga whai hua.
Ngā Whakatakotoranga Hangarau
Awhe Ngaohiko: 11kV ki te 33kV (ngaohiko waenga).
'Te kaha: 5 GST ki te 50 GST.
'Auautanga: 50Hz/60Hz.
'Whakamatao: Te whakamatao hau māori (AN) te whakamatao hau ā-ringa rānei (AF).
'Te Whakatutukitanga: Kua whakamanahia e IEC 62271, IEEE 1526, me ISO 9001/14001.
Te Whakapūmau Kounga
Kei roto i ngā whakamātautau pakari te kaha hiko-kore, te ātete ki te ara iahiko-poto, me ngā whakatauira pikinga pāmahana.
I whakamanahia e KEMA, DEKRA, me TÜV mō te haumaru me te pono.
He aha mātou i whiriwhiri ai?
25+ Tau o te Tohungatanga: He hoahoa kua whakamātauhia mō ngā pāmahana tino kino, te haumākū, me ngā rohe rū whenua.
'Ngā Ratonga Mutunga-ki-Mutunga: Tautoko hoahoa, tāutanga, me te tiaki i te huringa ora katoa.
'Pūtea Ngāwari: Ngā kōwhiringa rīhi me te utu-i-te-whakahaere mō te ngāwari o te tahua.
Ngā Otinga Ritenga
Ngā Urutaunga Taiao: He ārai ātete-waikura mō ngā rohe takutai moana, he hoahoa ātete-pahū rānei mō ngā papa hinu/hau.
'Ngā Pūnaha Ranu: Te whakaurunga o ngā putunga pūngao hou (hei tauira, ngā pēke pākahiko) mō ngā whatunga hiko ranu.
Ngā painga o te hua
1. Ngā Rauemi Matua me te Hoahoa Matapihi
Ngā Rauemi Matua
Ngā Matua Koranu Kore-āhua:
Ka whakaitihia te moumou pūngao e te ngaronga rino tino iti (70–80% te iti iho i te maitai silicon), he mea nui mō ngā hoahoa kiato, tino whai hua.
Ka whakaitihia te haruru e te urunga nui me te tata kore o te aukati aukume, he mea tino pai mō ngā tāone nui, mō ngā whare noho rānei.
Te maitai hiko hurihuri-makariri (CRGO):
Ka whakaitihia e ngā whakapiringa tapahi-reera ngā ngaronga o te ia hurihuri, ka tutuki ai ngā taumata whai huatanga tae atu ki te 98.5% i roto i ngā wāhi iti.
Ka tautokona e te kiato rerenga aukume teitei ngā tono ngaohiko teitei kiato (11kV–33kV).
Hoahoa Whakakorikori
Ngā takai konumohe me te whakamatao rere-hinu:
Ka whakaitihia e ngā takai konumohe parahi/konumohe te rere o te wai me ngā kaha o te ara iahiko poto. Ka whakarei ake ngā hongere hinu whakauru i te mararatanga wera i roto i ngā whakatakotoranga whaiti.
Ka whakaitihia e ngā paparanga honohono te ahotea ngaohiko i waenga i ngā hurihanga, ka whakapai ake i te manawanui o te ara iahiko poto (tae atu ki te 50 kA ngā hapa kore taurite).
Ngā takai waea Litz paparua:
Ka whakaitihia e te waea Litz maha-aho ngā pānga ki te kiri me te tata, ka whakaitihia te ātete AC mō te mahi auau-tiketike (hei tauira, ngā hononga HVDC).
Ngā Whakaritenga Kōpae Kiato/Whakawhiti:
Ka arotauhia te whakamahinga o te wāhi e ngā takai porowhita, kōpae rānei, me te whakamātao kua whakarōpūtia hei ātete i ngā uira (≥1.2/50 μs).
;2. Ngā Pūnaha Whakamarumaru
Whakamarumarutanga Hiko-Pepa Hinu:
Ko te pepa cellulose kua whakakiia ki ngā wai ester ka whakarato i te kaha dielectric tae atu ki te 300 kV BIL, he mea tino pai mō ngā wāhanga ngaohiko-tiketike kiato.
Ātete ki te huringa wera (−40°C ki te +140°C) me te tukunga wāhanga.
Te Makanga Resin Epoxy (Momo Maroke):
Mā te whakakī pēhanga-korehau (VPI) ki ngā kapia epoxy Akomanga H ka whakarite kia ātete ki te ahi (IEC 60335) me te manawanui ki te makuku i roto i ngā taiao hiri.
Te Āraitanga Whakarei-Nano:
Ka whakapai ake ngā hiato epoxy whakakīia ana ki te silica i te ātete wāhanga tukunga mā te 40%, ka roa ake te ora i ngā wāhi tāone makuku, poke rānei.
;3. Whakahaere Wera
Whakamatao Hau-Hinuhinu-Taiao (ONAN):
Te whakamatao kore mahi mā roto i ngā whakamahana me te kawe hiko taiao mō te mahi tonu i ngā wāhi iti (hei tauira, ngā waeine 100kVA–500kVA).
Te Whakamatao Hau Āwhina (OFAF):
Ka whakarei ake ngā pā hau e whakahaeretia ana te pāmahana i te mararatanga o te wera, ka taea ai te 120% te kaha uta i roto i ngā āhuatanga ohorere.
Aroturuki Wera Atamai:
Ka aro turukihia e ngā pūoko muka-whatu ngā wāhi wera, ka whakaoho i ngā whakaoho, ka whakarerekē rānei i te whakamatao hei ārai i te pirau o te whakamarumaru.
;4. Te Hoahoa Hanganga me te Tiakitanga
Tahora Ā-Wāhi me te Tahora Arotau-Wāhi
Ngā Āpiti Whakauru:
Ka noho ngā whakawhiti hiko, ngā taputapu whakawhiti, me ngā pūnaha tiaki ki roto i te tapuwae kotahi i roto i ngā whare whakapūmau kua oti te hanga, ā, ka whakaitihia te wā tāutanga mā te 50%.
Ngā Whakatauranga IP66/IP67:
Mā te hiri ā-hiri me ngā gasket EPDM me ngā taputapu kowiri tira ka tiakina mai i te wai, te puehu, me te urunga mai o ngā kiore.
Maimoatanga Ārai-Waikura:
Ka ātete ngā ārai maitai, konumohe rānei, he paninga polyurethane, ki te pirau UV me te pānga ki te tote o te takutai.
Ngā Āhuatanga Haumaru
Ngā Takirere Whakaora Pēhanga:
Ka puta aunoa te hau i ngā wā o ngā hapa o roto, hei ārai i ngā pakaru pahūtanga.
Ngā Pūnaha Tāke Tiaki:
Ka whakaitihia e ngā oko tiaki hiri te pā ki te hāora, ka whakaitihia te waikura hinu me te hanganga paru.
Te Parenga Ngaru:
Ka pehia e ngā pūārai konutea waikura whakauru (MOA) ngā whakawhiti i puta mai i te uira (≥2.5 kA ngā iri).
;5. Ngā Mahi Matatau
Ngā Pūnaha Aroturuki Āhua (CMS):
Ka aro turukihia e ngā pūoko whakauru te pāmahana hinu, te tātari hau rewa (DGA), ngā taumata kawenga, me te tukunga wāhanga, ka taea ai te tiaki matapae mā te SCADA.
Whakaurunga Mātiti Atamai:
Ka tautokohia e te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ā-IoT te mana mamao, te taurite kawenga, me ngā urupare whatunga whakaora-ake.
Ngā Auahatanga Taiao-hoa:
Ngā hinu ārai matū koiora (hei tauira, ngā wai ester) he tino pirau (e tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga a te OECD 301B) ā, he iti ake te mura.
Ngā Whakamahinga Matua me ngā Auahatanga o te Ao
Te Tohatoha o te Tāone:
Ngā teihana hiko o ngā tāone iti, ngā whatunga iti ka taea te whakahou, me ngā teihana utu hiko EV.
Te Whakaurunga Pūngao Whakahou:
He hoahoa kiato mō ngā pāmu hau/rā me ngā whatunga hiko iti AC/DC ranu.
Ngā Whakatairanga ā-Mārama:
Ngā Whakawhiti Āhua-Toka (SST): Whakahohe i te huringa DC-DC me te ngāwari o te whatunga mō ngā pūnaha pokapū kore.
Ārai Whakaora-ā-Iho: Ka whakatika motuhake ngā rauemi nanocomposite i ngā hapa iti o te hiko.
Whakarāpopototanga
He tino pai ngā teihana hiko iti-ngaronga, ngā hoahoa ā-pūrere e penapena wāhi ana, me ngā pūnaha haumaru maha-paparanga. Nā te ranunga o te whai huatanga, te tauine, me te manawanui, he mea nui ēnei mō ngā whatunga tāone me ngā whatunga ahumahi hou, ā, ko ngā auahatanga pēnei i te hangarau totoka me te aroturuki atamai ka akiaki i te mōhiotanga me te pumau o te whatunga.
Uiui Inaianei!
Mō ngā pātai e pā ana ki ā mātou hua, ki te rārangi utu rānei, waiho mai tō īmēra ki a mātou, ā, ka whakapā atu mātou i roto i ngā haora 24.