Te Hurihanga Whakawhiti Hinu-Ruku: Ngā Māramatanga Hangarau me ngā Āhuatanga Hoahoa

Whakawhiti Hinu-Rukuhia He wāhanga nui ngā takai hiko i roto i ngā pūnaha tohatoha hiko, i hangaia hei whakawhiti pai i te pūngao hiko me te whakarite i te pono me te roa. Kei raro nei he tātaritanga taipitopito o ō rātou hanganga, rauemi, me ngā mātāpono whakahaere, i hangaia mai i ngā paerewa ahumahi me ngā whakatakotoranga hangarau.

Kāore e whakaaetia kia neke ake i te 95 °C te pāmahana o runga o te whakawhiti hinu, ā, ko te tikanga kāore e whakaaetia kia neke ake i te 85 °C. Ko te kōwhiringa whānui o te takai whakawhiti he rauemi paparanga whakamarumaru akomanga A, ko te pāmahana mōrahi e whakaaetia ana mō te rauemi whakamarumaru ko te 95 ~ 105 °C. I Haina, ko ngā whakaritenga whakamahana whakawhiti e hangai ana ki te pāmahana mahi o te 40 °C hei paerewa, ko te takai o te pāmahana toharite o te hau kei roto i te 65 °C. Ko te pikinga pāmahana o te hinu o runga ki te hau kei te 55 °C te tūranga tika, nō reira ko te takai kei roto te matua o te whakawhiti kei roto i te pikinga pāmahana o te hinu i te 10 °C.

Mena ko te pāmahana o runga o te whakawhiti hiko he 85°C, ko te pāmahana o te takai he 95°C; ki te 95°C te pāmahana o runga, kua eke te pāmahana o te takai ki te 105°C, kua eke ki te pāmahana mōrahi e whakaaetia ana mō te paparanga whakamarumaru takai. Mā te pāmahana teitei rawa ka tere ake te koroheketanga o ngā paparanga whakamarumaru, ka tere ake te pirau o te hinu whakawhiti hiko, ka kino hoki te roa o te ora o te mahi. Whakawhiti Tohatohas, ā, ka arahi atu hoki ki ngā aituā haumaru.

He pūnaha tohanga hinu kaha, he hau-whakamatao, he pāmahana teitei 75℃ te whakamahana 35℃; he pūnaha tohanga hinu māori, he tiaki pāmahana nui, he hau-whakamatao te whakamahana, ko te pāmahana teitei te tikanga kāore e pai mō te neke atu i te 85°C, ko te pāmahana teitei kāore e neke atu i te 95°C, ko te pāmahana teitei kāore e neke atu i te 55°C, ki te kitea he uara rohe i roto i te mahi he nui ake i ngā whakaritenga, me ripoata tonu te whakaritenga whakaputa, me te whakamahi i ngā ārai rohe kawenga.

1. ​Te Whakamāramatanga me te Mahi Matua​

Ko ngā takai whakawhiti hinu he mea hanga mai i ngā koiri parahi, konumohe rānei kua takaihia ki te matua maitai silicon kua whakakikoruatia. Ka rumakina katoatia ēnei takai ki te hinu ārai, e mahi ana i ngā mahi e rua: ​te ārai hiko​ me te ​te whakahaere wera. Ka hurihia e ngā takai te urunga ngaohiko teitei ki te putanga ngaohiko iti iho (te ritenga kē rānei) mā te whakaawe hikohiko, ka taea ai te tuku hiko haumaru puta noa i ngā whatunga hiko.

2. ​Te Hanganga o ngā Rauemi​

Rauemi Arataki:

Parahi: E whakamahia nuitia ana mō ngā takai hiko-tiketike nā te mea he pai ake te kawe hiko me te kaha ā-ringa. Ko ngā takai hiko-iti (≤500 kVA) he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia he hanganga porotaka-rua, ko ngā kaha nui ake (≥630 kVA) ka whakamahia he whirihoranga-rua-helix, whā-helix rānei hei whakapai ake i te tohatoha o te iahiko.

Konumohe: I ētahi wā ka whakamahia mō ngā tono iti te utu, ahakoa he iti ake te whai huatanga i te parahi.
Te whakamarumaru:

Mā ngā rauemi ātete-teitei (hei tauira, ngā kapia epoxy, te pepa cellulose) ka wehea ngā takai mai i te pūtake me te wehe i a rātou anō.

Ka ārai te whakamarumaru maha-paparanga i ngā ara iahiko poto i raro i te ahotea wera, i te huringa ā-mīhini rānei.

3. ​Hoahoa Hanganga​

Te Whakaritenga Whakaoho:

​Te takai porotaka: He mea noa i roto i ngā whakawhiti hiko-toru-wāhanga, ina whakanohoia ngā takai ngaohiko iti ki roto i ngā takai ngaohiko teitei hei whakaiti i te rerenga turuturu.

​Takahuri Ā-Papa (Ā-Hīkoi): Whakamahia mō ngā tono au-tiketike, me ngā paparanga honohono hei whakaiti i ngā ngaronga au-pōturi.

Whakaurunga Whakamatao:

Kei roto i ngā takai he paipa hinu hei whakahaere i te tohatoha wera mā te kawe wera ā-taiao, mā te kawe wera ā-kaha rānei.

Ka whakakapia ngā taputapu tiaki hinu tuku iho e ngā tāke hinu kōpikopiko, e āhei ai te whakawhānui i te hinu i roto i te wera me te pupuri i te taiao hiri.

4. ​Te Arotautanga Mahi​

Hoahoa Ngaronga Iti:

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Rōpū Hononga Dyn11: Ka whakaiti i te whakapōturitanga o te harmony, ka whakapai ake i te kounga o te mana mā te whakakore i ngā iahiko haurony tuatoru

Ātete Porowhita-Poto:

Ka whakarei ake i te pumau ā-mīhini i ngā wā hapa mā ngā rawhi takai whakapakari me ngā tikanga takai porowhita.

Ka aroturukihia e ngā manawa o te kiripaka me ngā whakawhiti Buchholz ngā rerekētanga o te makuku me te rere hinu.

5. ​Te Whakamahinga me te Tiaki​

Ngā horopaki whakatinanatanga:

Ngā teihana hiko ā-umanga, ngā whatunga hiko o ngā tāone, me ngā pūnaha pūngao hou (hei tauira, ngā pāmu hau).

Ko ngā kaha kua whakatauhia kei waenga i te 50 kVA ki te 25,000 kVA, me ngā ngaohiko tae atu ki te 35 kV

Ngā Tikanga Tiaki:

Te tātari hinu auau me te tātari hau rewa (DGA) hei kite i te pirau o te whakamarumaru.

Whakaahua wera hei tautuhi i ngā wāhi wera ā-rohe i roto i ngā kopikopiko.

6. ​Ngā Auahatanga i roto i te Hangarau Whakakorikori​

​Whakakī Korehau: Ka whakakore i ngā putunga hau i te wā e hanga ana, ka whakapai ake i te kounga o te whakamarumaru

Aroturuki Atamai: Ka aro turukihia e ngā pūoko IoT te pāmahana o te takai me ngā nekehanga kawenga i te wā tūturu.