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Ngā Whakawhitinga Ngaohiko Waenga me te Ngaohiko Teitei: He Aratohu Hangarau
2025-09-23
(E tautokona ana e ngā Raraunga me ngā Paerewa Ahumahi)
;1. Ngā Mahi Matua me te Tūranga Ahumahi;
Ko te taputapu whakawhiti te pou tuara o ngā pūnaha hiko ngaohiko waenga me te teitei (MV/HV), e mahi ana i ngā mahi matua e toru mō ngā whakawhiti hiko:
- ;Tohatoha Mana: Ka arahi i te hiko mai i ngā whakawhiti hiko ki ngā kawenga mā roto i ngā whāngai, ngā pae pahi, me ngā taputapu tiaki.
- ;Te Tiakitanga Hapa: Ka whakakore i ngā iahiko hapa i roto i ngā mirihekona (hei tauira, te kaha pakaru ara iahiko poto 31.5kA–40kA) hei ārai i te kino o ngā taputapu.
- ;Wehenga HaumaruKa whakarite kia haumaru te tiaki mā roto i ngā raka ā-mīhini me ngā tikanga whakapūmau whenua.
Hei tauira, me whai i te iti rawa o te tawhiti ā-wāhanga-ki-whenua o te 125mm (haumātao) 40mm rānei (haumātao) mō tētahi pūnaha 12kV hei ārai i te āwhata.
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;2. Ngā Momo me te Hoahoa Hanganga;
Ngā whakarōpūtanga taputapu whakawhiti me ngā whakaritenga matua:
| Kāwai; | ;Momo | ;Tauira | ;Ngā Tawhā Matua | ;Tono |
| ;Te whakamarumaru | Ārai hau (AIS) | KYN28A-12 | Ngaohiko kua whakatauria: 12kV, Iahiko hapa: 40kA | Ngā teihana iti ahumahi |
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| Te whakamarumaru hau (GIS) | Siemens 36kV GIS | Hoahoa kiato (50% penapena wāhi), hau SF6 | Ngā teihana iti o te tāone |
| ;Mahi | Taputapu whakawhiti kawenga-wehe | ABB ZS1 | Iahiko kua whakatauria: 630A, Wā pakaru: | Ngā whatunga tohatoha |
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| Wāhanga matua mowhiti (RMU) | Eaton HICOS | Pūwhakaweto hiko korehau, whakamarumaru kore-SF6 | Te whakaurunga o te pūngao whakahou |
;Ngā Wāhanga Hira:
- ;Pūwhakapakari Porowhita Korehau (VCB): E tuku ana i ngā mahi ā-mīhini neke atu i te 10,000 me te ātete pa
- ;Ngā pae pahiNgā ara iahiko parahi, konumohe rānei (whakawhiti-wāhanga ≥100×10mm²) me te pumau pāmahana tae atu ki te 40kA/4s.
- ;Ngā Relay TiakiNgā taputapu e tutuki ana i te IEC 61850 mō te kite i te au nui, te rerekētanga, me te arc-flash.
;3. Ngā Whakatakotoranga Hangarau me ngā Paerewa;
- ;Ngā Whakatauranga Ngaohiko:
- MV: 3.3kV–36kV (he mea noa i roto i ngā whatunga ahumahi).
- HV: 66kV–800kV (ngā whatunga tuku).
- ;Ngā Taumata Whakamarumaru:
| Ngaohiko Pūnaha | Te Ātete Auau Mana (1min) | Te Ātete i te Uira |
| 12kV | 42kV | 75kV |
| 40.5kV | 95kV | 185kV |
- ;Ngā Āhuatanga Haumaru:
- ;E rima ngā Hononga ĀraiĀrai i te whakapūngao tūpono (hei tauira, kāore e taea te kati i ngā pana wehenga-kawenga mēnā kāore ngā kaiwawao hiko e tuwhera).
- ;Whakaora Pēhanga: Ka puta ngā hau pewa i ngā panera ātete-pahūtanga (hei tauira, te konumohe 0.8mm) i te ≤50kPa hei tiaki i ngā kaiwhakahaere.
;4. Ngā Aratohu Kōwhiringa me te Tiaki;
- ;Kōwhiringa e Ārahihia ana e te Taupānga:
- ;Ngā Rohe Au Hapa TeiteiWhakamahia te GIS kua whakamātaotia ki te SF6 hei whakarei ake i te kaha hiko-ā-roto.
- ;Ngā Taiao KinoKōwhiria ngā ārai IP54 me ngā paninga ātete-waikura.
- ;Whakamātautau Auau:
- ;Ātete Whakapā: ≤100μΩ (i inehia mā te ine-ōhmīta).
- ;Whakamātautau Hiko-ā-ira: 1.2/50μs te tere o te uira (±10% te manawanui).
- ;Te pakari o te miihiniNeke atu i te 5,000 ngā mahi mō ngā kaiwawao hiko.
;5. Ngā Auahatanga Hou;
- ;Te mamati:
- Ka whakauruhia e te taputapu whakawhiti atamai ngā pūoko IoT mō te aroturuki i te pāmahana, te wiri, me te tukunga wāhanga i te wā tūturu.
- Tauira: Mā te tūāpapa EcoStruxure a Schneider Electric ka taea te tiaki matapae mā te tātari kapua.
- ;Te Oranga Tonu:
- Ka whakaitihia ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi e ngā huarahi kē atu kāore he SF6 (hei tauira, te korehau, te whakamahana totoka rānei) mā te 95%.
- ;Hoahoa Ā-Motuhake:
- Ka whakapotohia te wā tāutanga e ngā kāpata mono-ā-ringa (hei tauira, ko te UniGear ZS1 a ABB) mā te 40%.
;Ngā Tohutoro;
- IEC 62271-200:Taputapu whakawhiti whakarewa-hau
- IEEE C37.2:Paerewa mō ngā tau mahi a ngā taputapu pūnaha hiko
- Te Whatunga ā-Motu o te UK:Ngā mahi pai rawa atu mō te tiaki i ngā taputapu whakawhiti