Ngā Whakawhiti Tohatoha: Ngā Wāhanga Matua me ngā Mātāpono Whakahaere

Whakawhiti TohatohaHe hanganga tino nui ēnei i roto i ngā whatunga hiko hou, e whakaheke ana i ngā raina tuku hiko ngaohiko teitei (te nuinga o te wā 11-33 kV) ki ngā ngaohiko ratonga ka taea te whakamahi (120-480 V) mō ngā kaihoko kāinga, arumoni, me ngā kaihoko ahumahi.

Ka whakahaerehia ēnei taputapu hiko pūmau mā roto i ngā mātāpono taketake o te whakapūtanga hiko, me te whakauru i ngā āhuatanga hangarau matatau mō te pono me te haumaru.

;1. Ngā Mahi Ā-ringa;
Ko te tukanga whakawhiti ngaohiko e whakawhirinaki ana ki te whakaawe hikohiko i waenga i ngā takai tuatahi me ngā takai tuarua. Ina rere te au hurihuri i roto i te takai tuatahi ngaohiko-tiketike, ka puta he rerenga aukume e rerekē ana i te wā i roto i te matua maitai silicon kua whakakikoruatia. Ka puta he ngaohiko ōrite i roto i te takai tuarua i tēnei hononga aukume, e whakatauhia ana e te ōwehenga hurihanga (N₁/N₂) e ai ki te Ture Whakaawe a Faraday.

Ka taea te whakaatu i ngā whanaungatanga pāngarau penei:
V₁/V₂ = N₁/N₂ = k (ōwehenga hurihanga)
I₁/I₂ = N₂/N₁ (ōwehenga o ia au whakamuri ki te ōwehenga ngaohiko)

;2. Hoahoa Hanganga;
Ko ngā whakatinanatanga hou he whirihoranga kua arotauhia:

• ;Huihuinga Matua: Ka whakaitihia e ngā matua maitai silicon kua whakakikoruatia ki te witi te ngaronga o te au hurihuri me te pupuri tonu i te urunga aukume
• ;Ngā Pūnaha Whakamatao:

• Ko ngā momo rumaki-hinu (he mea noa mō ngā whakaurunga o waho) ka whakamahi i te hinu whakawhiti mō te whakahaere wera me te whakamarumaru hiko-kore
• Whakawhiti Momo-Marokes (e tika ana mō ngā tono o roto) ka whakamahi i te whakamatao hau me te haumaru ahi whakarei ake
  • ;Ngā Tikanga TiakiMā ngā ārai ngaru whakauru, ngā whakawhiti wera, me ngā takirere whakamāmā pēhanga ka whakarite kia haumaru te mahi mai i ngā iahiko nui me ngā taumahatanga taiao.

;3. Ngā Āhuatanga Mahi;

• ;Awhe Whai HuaKa tutuki te pai o te 95-99% i raro i ngā āhuatanga uta tino pai mā te whakaiti i ngā ngaronga matua (hysteresis me ngā au hurihuri)
• ;Ngā Kōwhiringa PūmanawaKei te wātea mai i ngā whirihoranga 50 kVA ki te 25,000 kVA, me ngā hoahoa kiato e taea ai te whakairi pou, te whakairi papa rānei
• ;Te Whakahaere NgaohikoMā te hangarau OLTC matatau (On-Load Tap Changer) ka taea te whakahaere i te ngaohiko ±10% me te kore e whakaroa i te ratonga.

;4. Ngā Auahatanga Haumaru;
He maha ngā paparanga tiaki kei roto i ngā waeine hou:

• Te tiaki i te taumaha nui mā te whakaahua wera me ngā pūoko pāmahana takai
• Te whakawhāiti i te au o te ara iahiko poto inamata mā te whakamahi i ngā pīhi whakawhāiti-au
• Te pehi i te ngaru mā roto i ngā momo miihini whakarewa-waikura (MOV) me ngā takai whakamarumaru

;5. Ngā Whakaaro Tiaki;
Ahakoa he iti noa te tiaki e hiahiatia ana ki te whakataurite ki ngā mīhini hurihuri, ka arotahi ngā tirotiro ā-wā ki:

• Te whakamātautau kaha hiko-kore o te hinu ārai (mō ngā momo rumakina ki te hinu)
• Te aroturuki i te tukunga wāhanga i roto i ngā takai ngaohiko teitei
• Aromatawai i te āhua o te pūahi mā te whakamahi i te whakamahana whero-whero

Ko ēnei otinga hangarau e whakaatu ana i te whakakotahitanga o ngā mātāpono hikohiko tawhito me ngā hikohiko mana hou, e whakarite ana i te tohatoha pūngao whai hua me te pono puta noa i ngā hoahoa whatunga kanorau. Mō ngā tono motuhake pēnei i te whakaurunga pūngao whakahou, i ngā pūnaha whatunga atamai rānei, ko ngā hoahoa matatau e whakauru ana i ngā matua konganuku kore-ahua ka whakarei ake i te mahi mā roto i ngā ngaronga kore-kawenga tino iti.